East Africa Flood Disaster Events
Apr 29, 2025
·
2 min read
East Africa Flood Disaster Events
Burundi (BUR)
- Cause: El Niño-induced heavy rainfall, occurring between October-December 2023
- Impact: 203,944+ people affected, 98,000+ internally displaced persons, 19,250+ homes destroyed
- Timeline: July 2023 (ICPAC forecast warning) to April 2024 (ongoing flooding)
References:
- https://reliefweb.int/report/burundi/anticipatory-action-activation-burundi-november-2023
- https://www.arise.tv/from-burundi-to-kenya-east-africa-battles-catastrophic-floods-with-death-toll-rising/
Djibouti (DJI)
- Cause: Extremely heavy rainfall (approximately 300mm in Djibouti city, three times annual average)
- Period: November 21-23, 2019
- Impact: 9 deaths reported (including 7 children), 250,000 people affected nationwide
References:
- https://reliefweb.int/report/djibouti/unicef-djibouti-humanitarian-situation-report-no-2-flood-response-05122019-reporting
- https://www.downtoearth.org.in/natural-disasters/djibouti-receives-two-years-worth-of-rain-in-a-single-day-68226
- https://reliefweb.int/map/djibouti/satellite-detected-water-over-djibouti-city-djibouti-district-djibouti-region-djibouti
Eritrea
- Cause: Heavy predicted rainfall
- Period: Reported incidents May 2024
- Impact:
References:
Ethiopia
- Cause: Heavy rainfall during 2024 rainy season, particularly in highland areas
- Period: April-May 2024
- Impact: More than 590,000 people affected, particularly in Afar, Amhara, Central Ethiopia, Oromia, Sidama, Somali, South Ethiopia, and Tigray regions
- Displacement: Around 95,000 people displaced
References:
Kenya (KEN)
- Cause: Torrential rains amplified by El Niño phenomenon, threat from Cyclone Hidaya
- Period: March-April 2024
- Impact: 188 deaths, 165,000 people displaced, 90 people missing
References:
Rwanda (RWA)
- Cause: Heavy rainfall causing floods and landslides
- Period: May 1-3, 2023
- Impact: 109-131 deaths, 51,905 people (10,381 households) affected, 5,472 houses completely destroyed
References:
- https://www.ktpress.rw/2024/12/rwanda-seeks-451m-for-post-floods-reconstruction
- https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/floods-kill-at-least-109-in-rwanda-4221500
- https://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/rwanda-floods-and-landslides-dref-operation-ndeg-mdrrw022
- https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/death-toll-from-floods-landslides-in-rwanda-uganda-reaches-140/2889402
Somalia (SOM)
- Cause: Unprecedented flooding during Deyr rainy season (October-December 2023) caused by El Niño
- Impact: 2.48 million people affected, over 1.2 million displaced, estimated damages of $193.4 million
- Additional: Gu season (April-June 2024) rains caused additional flash floods with 4 more deaths
References:
- https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-2023-deyr-floods-rapid-post-disaster-needs-assessment-report
- https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/flash-floods-somalia-urgent-calls-funding-and-action
- https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-2024-gu-season-heavy-rains-and-floods-flash-update-no-1-22-april-2024
- https://www.icrc.org/en/publication/icrc-response-el-nino-flooding-somalia-report
South Sudan (SSD)
- Cause: Intense seasonal rainfall, high lake levels upstream in Uganda, elevated water levels in Nile River
- Period: Peaked in early October 2024
- Impact: 1.4 million people affected, 379,000 people displaced, flood extent of approximately 48,000 km²
References:
- https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-floods-snapshot-18-october-2024
- https://reliefweb.int/map/south-sudan/south-sudan-upper-nile-ulang-county-ulang-town-flood-hazard-100-years-return-jrc-model-90m
- https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-key-message-update-persistent-floods-and-returnee-burden-sustain-emergency-ipc-phase-4-or-worse-outcomes-november-2024
Sudan (SDN)
- Cause: Heavy rainfall during 2024 rainy season
- Areas: Kassala State, North Darfur State, and Sennar State most severely affected
- Impact: At least 5 deaths reported, thousands displaced, over 1,000 houses destroyed
References:
- https://www.newarab.com/features/sudans-flood-crisis-worsens-amid-ongoing-war-and-aid-shortages
- https://www.preventionweb.net/publication/flood-and-drought-displacement-risk-ethiopia-somalia-and-sudan
Tanzania (TZA)
- Cause: Heavy rains caused by El Niño and intensified by Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) system
- Period: November 2023 through April 2024
- Impact: 155 deaths, 236 injuries, approximately 200,000 people affected across 51,000 households
References:
- https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68896454
- https://reliefweb.int/report/united-republic-tanzania/tanzania-africa-floods-and-landslides-202324-revised-emergency-appeal-mdrtz035
Uganda (UGA)
- Cause: Heavy storms, floods, and landslides triggered by El Niño
- Period: Throughout 2023, intensifying in September
- Impact: From January to September 2023, disasters affected 97,727 individuals and displaced over 7,908 people
References: